1. Temporomandibular joint
2. Atlanto-occipital joint
3. Cervical intervertebral joint
4. Thoracic intervertebral joint
5. Lumbar intervertebral joint
6. Vetebrocostal and Sternocostal joints
Well, here are some more general guidelines to consider before determining actions on joints:
a. FLEX = Muscle is on the anterior side, but the knees (You rebellious knees!)
b. EXTEND = Muscle is on the posterior side, but the knees
c. DORSIFLEX = Talocrural muscle only on the anterior/superior side.
How I remember this is by dorsiflexing my ankle muscles. When I dorsiflex my ankles, I can feel the force on the anterior side moreso than on the posterior side.
d. PLANTARFLEX = Talocrural muscle only on posterior/inferior side
e. EVERT = Talonavicular only, on lateral side
f. INVERT = Talonavicular only, on medial side
When I invert, I can feel the force on the medial side than on the lateral side of my talonavicular.
g. ADDUCT = medial side
How I remember this is I picture a duck on medial side of the body.
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h. ABDUCT = lateral side
Here are some great examples
1. Vastus Lateralis extends knee joint
2. Rectus Femoris flexes hip joint, but extends knee joint (remember general guidelines above!)
3. Semimembranosus extends thigh and flexes leg
4. Gracilis flexes hip joint
5. Iliacus and Psoas major (Iliopsoas) flexes thigh
6. Triceps brachii extends elbow joint
7. Brachialis flexes forearm
8. Palmaris longus flexes wrist joint
9. Extensor Digitorum extends wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints
Here are some more examples
1. Biceps femoris flexes leg
2. Gastrocnemius plantarflexes to foot
3. Fibularis longus plantarflexes ankles and everts talonavicular
4. Soleus plantar flexes foot
5. Tibialis anterior dorsiflexes and inverts foot
Great!
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LOOK! MORE EXAMPLES!
1. Posterior sacrum to lesser trochanter = extension of hip
2. Ischial tuberosity to linea aspera = extension of hip
3. Linea aspera to medial malleolus = Flexion of knee (REMEMBER! Knees are rebels and they do not follow the rules!)
4. Humeral epicondyles to radial tuberosity = Flexion of elbow
5. Styloid process of radius to metacarpal = Abduction of wrist
That's it. You got it.
Have a great day,
M
